Lab 8 DNA Coding

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Question description

  1. How does DNA differ from RNA? (2 points)
  2. Where in the cell does each of the following processes take place? (2 points)
    1. Transcription
    2. Translation
  3. The following is a base sequence on a strand of DNA. When the strand replicates, what is the base sequence on the complementary strand of DNA? (2 points)

    AATCGCATACCCGGTCAG

  4. Transcribe the following DNA molecule into mRNA: TAACCTGGACTACAAATC. (2 points)
  5. What is a promoter? (2 points)
  6. What is the role of the enzyme DNA polymerase? (2 points)
  7. What is the end product of transcription? (2 points)
  8. Why would it be impossible to extract DNA from cooked foods? (2 points)
  9. Which DNA extraction procedure (warm water versus room temperature water) produced a greater quantity of DNA? Explain why the results turned out the way that they did. (6 points)
  10. Provide the amino acid sequence for DNA template cards 1 through 5 (from Procedure 4 in the lab)? (10 points)
    1. DNA template card # 1:
    2. DNA template card # 2:
    3. DNA template card # 3:
    4. DNA template card # 4:
    5. DNA template card # 5:
  11. What is an exon? (2 points)
  12. What three molecules are needed for the process of translation? (3 points)
  13. What are the building blocks of proteins called? (2 points)
  14. List the three stop codons. (3 points)
  15. Provide the amino acid sequence for DNA template cards 6 through 10 (from Procedure 4). (10 points)
    1. DNA template card # 6:
    2. DNA template card # 7:
    3. DNA template card # 8:
    4. DNA template card # 9:
    5. DNA template card # 10:
  16. Define the following terms: (2 points)
    1. Point mutation
    2. Frameshift mutation
  17. Name the type of mutation that occurred below. (2 points)

    18. Original strand of DNA: CTAGGCCTAACTGCC

    Replicated strand of DNA: CTAGGCCAAACTGCC

  18. Provide the amino acid sequence for DNA template cards 5 and 11 through 14 (from Procedure 4). (10 points)
    1. DNA template card #5:
    2. DNA template card # 11:
    3. DNA template card # 12:
    4. DNA template card # 13:
    5. DNA template card # 14:
  19. DNA template cards 11 through 14 represent mutations that occurred in template card five. Review the amino acid sequences for cards 5 and 11 through 14 and answer the following: (10 points)
    1. What type of mutation occurred in cards 11 and 12?
    2. Did the mutation in card 11 result in a change in the protein synthesized?
    3. Did the mutation in card 12 result in a change in the protein synthesized?
    4. What type of mutation occurred in cards 13 and 14?
    5. Would the mutations that occurred in cards 13 and 14 result in a change in the protein synthesized?
  20. A base deletion of base eight (frameshift mutation) occurs in the following nucleotide sequence: CTCAATGAAGGCCTA. (4 points)
    1. Write the codons for the nucleotide sequence.
    2. Write the codons for the nucleotide sequence following the base deletion.
  21. (Application) How might the information gained from this lab pertaining to protein synthesis be useful to you in your everyday life or to a healthcare professional? (20 points)

    22. Key components of critical thinking and application include the following:

    1. Demonstrates application and comprehension of the scientific principles.
    2. Displays competence in applying scientific knowledge to your personal or professional life.
    3. Relevant content is supported by facts, data, and detailed examples.
    4. The application paragraph is organized and structured.
 
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