complex polymer built of amino acids,biology homework help

hi

I have 50 question on biology,many of these question you can find it in quiz let.

there are two question with picture (20 , 26) I will attached.

Question 1
A complex polymer built of amino acids is called a(n)

monosaccharide.

polypeptide.

fatty acid.

polysaccharide.

amine.

Question 2
Glycogen belongs in the class of molecules known as

polysaccharides.

monosaccharides.

amino acids.

proteins.

nucleic acids.

Question 3
Pure water has a pH of 7.0. Cola has a pH of about 3.0. That means cola is

10,000 times more basic than water.

10,000 times more acidic than water.

about 40 times more acidic than water.

about 40 times more basic than water.

about 4 times more acidic than water.

Question 4
The pH of a fluid is a measure of

its capacity to function as soap.

its enzymatic stability.

the concentration of phosphate groups.

the amount of adenosine triphosphate (a-pH) in it.

how acidic or basic it is.

Question 5
All lipids are

triglycerides.

not soluble in water.

polar.

hydrophilic.

polymers of fatty acids

Question 6
Phosphate groups are important components of

nucleic acids.

structural polysaccharides.

amino acids.

triglycerides.

All of the above answer choices are correct.

Question 7
Enzymes

sometimes increase the amount of energy necessary to initiate a reaction.

increase the rate at which a reaction occurs.

catalyze reactions that release energy, but not those that consume energy.

are always consumed by catalyzing a reaction.

reduce the energy released by a reaction by one of four different mechanisms.

Question 8
Relative to protons, electrons have

significantly greater mass.

significantly less mass.

approximately the same mass.

a significantly stronger positive charge.

None of the above is correct. Electrons have no mass.

Question 9
Pure water and aqueous solutions that are neither acidic nor basic are said to be

transparent.

buffers.

translucent.

neutral.

alkaline.

Question 10
All macromolecules important in living systems contain

potassium.

nitrogen.

polymers.

aldehydes.

carbon.
Question 11

Carbohydrates

in the form of oligosaccharides are often covalently bonded to proteins and lipids on the outer cell surface, where they serve as cell recognition signals.

are a good source of sustained energy when they come in the form of polysaccharides.

serve as carbon skeletons that can be rearranged to form other molecules that are essential for biological structures and functions like nucleic acids.

act as a relatively fast available source of fuel.

All of the above answer choices are correct.

Question 12
Phenylketonuria is an inherited disorder. Affected individuals have a defective enzyme called phenylalanine hydroxylase. The substance these individuals cannot break down is a(n)

carbohydrate.

nucleic acid.

amino acid.

protein.

lipid.

Question 13
All of the following are proteins EXCEPT

hemoglobin.

an enzyme.

an antibody.

insulin.

cholesterol.

Question 14
DNA is made of

fatty acids.

amino acids.

glucose molecules.

four interconnected carbon rings.

nucleotides.
•
Question 15
A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar, and a __________________, all linked together by covalent bonds.

potassium-containing base

polypeptide

phosphorus-containing base

nitrogen-containing base

triglyceride

Question 16
Human sex hormones are classified as which type of biological molecule?

enzyme

lipid

nucleic acid

protein

carbohydrate

Question 17
Of all the elements that occur on Earth, how many are found in your body?

116

4

90

10

25

Question 18
Lactose is a combination of

glucose and ribose.

glucose and fructose.

glucose and maltose.

glucose and galactose.

sucrose and fructose

Question 19
An atom of iron has the atomic number 26. This means that it has

52 protons.

13 neutrons.

an atomic mass of 26.

26 protons.

13 electrons.

Question 20

How many hydrogen bonds are explicitly represented in this graphic?

1

8

0

4

10

Question 21
Helium is not a reactive molecule because its

first-level shell is full with two electrons.

first-level shell is full with two protons.

second-level shell is full with two electrons.

first-level shell is full with two neutrons.

Helium is a reactive molecule

Question 22
A chemical compound that releases OH– into a solution is called a(n)

hydroxide ion.

solvent.

salt.

base.

acid.

Question 23
The Russian-American biochemist Phoebus Levene was the first to determine that nucleotides may contain one of four different nitrogen-containing bases. Levene believed that the nitrogen-containing bases occurred in equal amounts in DNA. What is the actual proportion of these bases?

DNA contains twice as much of adenine and thymine as guanine and cytosine.

All four do actually occur in equal amounts. Levene was right.

DNA contains equal amounts of guanine and thymine, and equal amounts of adenine and cytosine.

DNA contains equal amounts of adenine and guanine, and equal amounts of thymine and cytosine.

DNA contains equal amounts of adenine and thymine, and equal amounts of guanine and cytosine

Question 24
A(n) __________ is the smallest chemical unit of a type of pure substance.

cell

molecule

amino acid

atom

proton

Question 25
Certain molecules act like bank accounts for H+ ions because they can absorb excess H+ ions to keep a solution from becoming too acidic and release H+ ions to keep the solution from becoming too basic. Such molecules are called

enzymes.

oxidating agents.

reducing agents.

buffers.

catalysts.

Question 26
The diagram below represents which class of chemical compounds?

sterols

proteins

carbohydrates

acids

fats

Question 27
Figuratively, the primary structure of proteins is often described as amino acids connected like “beads on a string.” In this same vein, which of the following images BEST describes protein quaternary structure?

threads in a cloth

coils in a spring

rungs on a ladder

needle in a haystack

links on a chain

Question 28
All matter on Earth, both living and non-living, is made up of

cells.

DNA.

carbohydrates.

phospholipids.

atoms.

Question 29
On food packages, “insoluble fiber” refers to plant material that we cannot fully digest but is important for maintaining a healthy digestive tract. This substance refers to a(n)

nucleic acid.

carbohydrate.

protein.

lipid.

amino acid.

Question 30
The principal components of cell membranes are

carbohydrates.

proteins.

nucleic acids.

lipids.

glycoproteins.

Question 31
All of the following are components of a single amino acid EXCEPT a(n)

carboxyl group.

nitrogen-containing amino group.

variable side chain.

alpha carbon.

All of the above are components of a single amino acid.

Question 32
Saturated fatty acids have _________________ than unsaturated fatty acids, which is why they exist as a ____________ at room temperature.

fewer hydrogen atoms; solid

more double bonds; liquid

more carbon atoms; solid

more glycerol molecules; liquid

fewer double bonds; solid

Question 33
A buffer is a chemical that

can quickly absorb excess H+ ions to keep a solution from becoming too acidic.

can quickly release H+ ions to counteract any increases in the OH– concentration in a solution.

is identical to baking soda.

restores the pH of a solution to 7.0.

Both the first and second answer choices are correct.

Question 34
Multiple atoms linked together are called a(n)

reactant.

isotope.

substrate.

molecule.

element.

Question 35
Organic molecules consisting of only hydrogen and carbon are called

carbohydrates.

hydroxyls.

enantiomers.

fats.

hydrocarbons.

Question 36
Evaporation from the leaves of a tree will pull water up through the roots as an unbroken column throughout the entire height of the tree. This feat is possible because of which characteristic of water?

surface tension

cohesion

absorption

kinetic energy

vaporization

Question 37
Sucrose (table sugar) and lactose (the sugar found in milk) are examples of

simple sugars.

disaccharides.

monosaccharides.

naturally occurring enzymes.

polyunsaccharide sugars

Question 38
One important difference between covalent and ionic bonds is that

ionic bonds are much stronger than covalent bonds.

in ionic bonds two atoms share electrons, whereas in covalent bonds one atom gives one or more electrons to the other atom.

in covalent bonds two atoms share electrons, whereas in ionic bonds one atom gives one or more electrons to the other atom.

in ionic bonds both protons and electrons can be shared, whereas in covalent bonds only electrons can be shared.

ionic bonds only occur among water-soluble elements.

Question 39
In DNA, adenine from one strand binds to ______ in the complementary strand.

thymine

adenine

uracil

cytosine

guanine

Question 40
An amino acid is to a polypeptide as

glycogen is to glucose.

a nucleotide is to a nucleic acid.

a phospholipid is to a plasma membrane.

a nucleic acid is to DNA.

testosterone is to a steroid hormone

Question 41
Phospholipids assemble spontaneously into bilayers driven by the attraction of their “tail” portions to each other and of their “head” portions to each other. The tail regions are

hydrophilic.

molecularly charged.

hydrophobic.

adhesive.

cohesive.

Question 42
Glycoproteins are membrane proteins with bound

signaling peptide sequences.

cofactors.

carbohydrates.

phospholipids.

nucleic acids.

Question 43
A polypeptide chain is a linear polymer of amino acids. Peptide bonds are present between which of the two following groups?

the carbon atom of the carboxyl group and the nitrogen atom of the amino group

the carbon atom of the carboxyl group and the adjacent carbon atom of the chain’s backbone

the carbon atom of the carboxyl group and the oxygen atom double-bonded to it

the carbon atom of the carboxyl group and the OH bound to it

All of the above answer choices are correct.

Question 44
A solution’s acidity is a measure of

the H+ (free-floating protons) it contains.

the number of all dissolved molecules in a solution.

the number of nucleotide bases in the solution.

the amount of buffer molecules in the solution.

its negative charge (the stronger the negative charge, the more acidic the substance)
Question 45
Carbon-14 has the same

atomic number and atomic mass as carbon-12.

atomic number and, therefore, the same number of neutrons as carbon-13.

atomic mass as both carbon-12 and carbon-13.

number of protons but more neutrons than carbon-12.

atomic mass and, therefore, the same number of neutrons as carbon-12.

Question 46
The four most abundant elements in living organisms are

carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and calcium.

carbon, nitrogen, potassium, and oxygen.

sodium, nitrogen, carbon, and silicon.

hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon.

carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus

Question 47
The fact that water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid explains why

ice floats on top of liquid water.

water is such a good solvent.

water can resist temperature changes.

ice cubes sink when placed in a glass of water.

oil never dissolves in water

Question 48
One of the four nucleotide bases in DNA is replaced by a different base in RNA. Which base is it, and what is it replaced by?

adenine, replaced by uracil

thymine, replaced by uracil

guanine, replaced by cytosine

thymine, replaced by guanine

cytosine, replaced by guanine
Question 49
Energy derived from cellular respiration can originate from

carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

carbohydrates only.

carbohydrates and proteins only.

proteins only.

fats only.

Question 50
An unsaturated fatty acid is one in which

carbon-carbon double bonds are present in the hydrocarbon chain.

an odd number of subunits are present in the hydrocarbon chain.

an even number of subunits are present in the hydrocarbon chain.

carbon-carbon double bonds are not present in the hydrocarbon chain.

not all of the carbons in the hydrocarbon chain are bonded to hydrogen atoms.

 

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